T-28 Trojan

The T-28 Trojan was a pivotal aircraft used during the Secret War in Laos, primarily for its versatility in close air support and counter-insurgency operations. The training of Hmong pilots to fly the T-28 was part of a larger covert initiative known as Project Waterpump, which was established in Thailand. Under this program, Hmong recruits were first trained on simpler aircraft, such as the Piper Cubs, before advancing to the more complex T-28s. The program was supported by various U.S. agencies, including the CIA, and was significantly influenced by Bill Lair, a key figure in the Thai Police Aerial Resupply Unit (PARU). He was instrumental in arranging the early training for Hmong pilots, which eventually included advanced combat training under Project Waterpump. Additionally, the U.S. Air Force's Project 404 played a crucial role by providing logistical support and continuing the training efforts for these pilots. This training enabled the Hmong to conduct effective aerial operations, including ground attack missions, reconnaissance, and close air support for their forces on the ground. The T-28s, operated by the Hmong, became a symbol of their fierce resistance against the communist forces in Laos .

References:

Anthony, V. B., & Sexton, R. R. (1973). The War in Northern Laos 1954-1973.